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Corporate law requires that a corporation be treated as it's own entity, separate from the shareholders. Shareholders are shielded from personal liability in the absence of a violation corporate law, such as an ultra vires act, e.g. commingling the assets of the corporation with the personal assets of shareholders. Should such an ultra vires act occur, the law allows for a … [Read more...] about PIERCING THE CORPORATE VEIL

contracts. The compensation given to a pilot for conducting a vessel in or out of port. Poth. Des Avaries, n. 147. 2. Pilotage is a lien on the ship, when the contract has been made by the master or quasi master of the ship, or some other person lawfully authorized to make it; 1 Mason, R. 508; and the admiralty court has jurisdiction, when services have been performed at sea. … [Read more...] about PILOTAGE

"Where the act uses the word 'piratical,' It does so in a general sense; importing that the aggression is unauthorized by the law of nations, hostile in its character, wanton and criminal in its commission, and utterly without any sanction from any public authority or sovereign power. In short it means that the act belongs to the class of offenses which pirates are in the habit … [Read more...] about PIRATICAL

Lat. In the civil law. The contract of pledge; and also the obligation of such contract. … [Read more...] about PIGNORATIO

In English law. Boards of commissioners appointed and authorized for the regulation and appointment of pilots, each board having jurisdiction within a prescribed district. … [Read more...] about PILOTAGE AUTHORITIES