BENEVOLENT

Philanthropic; humane; having a desire or purpose to do good to men; Intended for the conferring of benefits, rather than for gain or profit. This word is certainly more indefinite, and of far wider range, than “charitable” or “religious;” it would include all gifts prompted by good will or kind feeling towards the recipient, whether an object of charity or not. The natural and usual meaning of the word would so extend it. It “has no legal meaning separate from its usual meaning. “Charitable” has acquired a settled limited meaning in law, which confines it within known limits. But in all the decisions in England on the subject it has been held that a devise or bequest for benevolent objects, or in trust to give to such objects, is too indefinite, and therefore void. Norris v. Thomson, 19 N. J. Eq. 313; Thomson v. Norris, 20 N. J. Eq. 523; Suter v. Hilliard, 132 Mass. 413, 42 Am. Hep. 444; Fox v. Gibbs, 86 Me. 87, 29 Atl. 940. This word, as applied to objects or purposes, may refer to those which are in their nature charitable, and may also have a broader meaning and include objects and purposes not charitable in the legal sense of that word. Acts of kindness, friendship, forethought, or goodwill might properly be described as benevolent. It has therefore been held that gifts to trustees to be applied for “benevolent purposes” at their discretion, or to such “benevolent purposes” as they could agree upon, do not create a public charity. But where the word is used in connection with other words explanatory of its meaning, and indicating the intent of the donor to limit it to purposes strictly charitable, it has been held to be synonymous with, or equivalent to, “charitable.” Suter v. Hilliard, 132 Mass. 412, 42 Am. Rep. 444; De Camp v. Dobbins, 31 N. J. Eq. 695; Chamberlain v. Stearns, 111 Mass. 268; Goodale v. Mooney, 60 N. H. 535, 49 Am. Rep. 334. Benevolent associations. Those having a philanthropic or charitable purpose, as distinguished from such as are conducted for profit; specifically, “benefit associations” or “beneficial associations.” See Benefit. Benevolent societies. In English law. Societies established and registered under the friendly societies act, 1875, for any charitable or benevolent purposes. Benigne faciendse sunt interpreta tiones cbartarnm, nt res magis valeat qnam pereat; et quae libet ooncessio fortissimo contra donatorent interpretanda est. Liberal interpretations are to be made of deeds, so that the purpose may rather stand than fall; and every grant is to be taken most strongly against the grantor. Wallis v. Wallis, 4 Mass. 135, 3 Am. Dec. 210; Hayes v. Kershow, 1 Sandf. Ch. (N. T.) 258, 268. Benigne faciendse sunt interpreta tiones, propter simplicitatem laicorum, nt res magis valeat qnam pereat. Constructions [of written instruments] are to be made liberally, on account of the simplicity of the laity, [or common people,] in order that the thing [or subject matter] may rather have effect than perish, [or become void.] Co. Litt. 36a; Broom, Max. 540. Benignior sententia in verbis generations sen dnbiis, est prseferenda. 4 Coke, 15. The more favorable construction is to be placed on general or doubtful expressions. Benignins leges interpretandse snnt qno voluntas earum conservetnr. Laws are to be more liberally interpreted, in order that their intent may be preserved. Dig. 1» 3, 18.