Of necessity. 8 Rep. Ch. 123. Ex necessitate legis. From or by necessity of law. 4 Bl. Comm. 394. Ex necessitate rei. From the necessity or urgency of the thing or case. 2 Pow. Dev. (by Jarman,) 308. Ex nihilo nihil fit. From nothing nothing comes. Jackson v. Waldron, 13 Wend. (N. Y.) 178, 221; Root v. Stuyvesant, 18 Wend. (N. Y.) 257, 801.
Ex nudo pacto non oritur [nascitur] actio. Out of a nude or naked pact [that is, a bare parol agreement without consideration] no action arises. Bract, fol. 99; Fleta, lib. 2, c. 56, s 3; Plowd. 305. Out of a promise neither attended with particular solemnity (such as belongs to a specialty) nor with any consideration no legal liability can arise.
2 Steph. Comm. 113. A parol agreement without a valid consideration, cannot be made the foundation of an action. A leading maxim both of the civil and common law. Cod. 2, 3, 10; Id. 5, 14, 1; 2 Bl. Comm. 445; Smith, Cont 85, 86.