Those which are generally made in writing in court by the attorney of the party; they appear upon the record, as in the pleadings and the like. … [Read more...]

Case law made by judges who have interpreted statutes in an unusual or extreme way, potentially motivated by an agenda or ideology. … [Read more...]

This term denotes a judge's reversal of a jury verdict when the judge believes that the facts alleged in the case by the plaintiff were insufficient to make the case upon which the jury made its verdict or that the jury clearly did not apply the law correctly in order to reach its verdict. This is similar to a directed verdict to which a judge informs a jury that there is only … [Read more...]

Having the power to adjudicate a matter. … [Read more...]

This is when there is a collaboration of two or more authors, resulting in a copyright that is owned and may be registered by each co-author. … [Read more...]